E 20 methylation marker candidate genes. By using the entire capacity of the 48.48 PCR array 28 genes were analysed in addition to the 20 classifier genes. Of the 48 genes tested, 39 were significant (p,0.05) with an overall mean dCt between digested and undigested sample DNAs of 2.8218.6 (corresponding to 7?16000 fold change) indicating proper digestion 25033180 for qPCR based elucidation of methylation differences. The amplicons for H19, CDKN2A, IGF2, C3, SRGN, PIWIL4, GBP2, IRF4 showed 0.23?.36 (in the enlisted order of genes; p = 0.057?.260) fold differences. DNAJA4 was only minimally changed (0.75 fold), which is in line with the RRBS (reduced representation bisulphite sequencing) and 450 k InfiniumResults Chromosomal copy number variation (CNV) analysis using Affymetrix 6.0CNV/SNP arraysTen Felypressin biological activity chordoma samples were tested for copy number (CN) and LOH using Affymetrix 6.0 CNV/SNP Arrays. Most common (.50 of the samples) chromosomal CN gains were observed for 1q21.1-q44, 7q36.3, 14q32.33, and 22q11.22 and losses for 3p26.3-q29, 9, 13q12.11-q22.1, and 22q12-q13.2. The most common chromosome loss involved chromosome 3 where 6 of 10 patients showed a loss of 3p25.2 (RAF1) and all 10 patient showed a loss of 3q26.32 (PIK 3CA) and 3q27.3 (BCL6). Table 1 
summarizes the most common CN in ten chordoma patients. The cross-linking of interesting genes is shown in Figure 1 using IPADNA Methylation and SNP Analyses in ChordomaTable 2. Class comparison results for elucidation of differentially methylated genes in chordoma versus peripheral blood.# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19Parametric p-value 1.9e-06 7.87e-05 0.0002284 0.0002639 0.0005252 0.0020097 0.002575 0.0034824 0.0038254 0.0043484 0.0044802 0.0055942 0.0057031 0.0063306 0.0065378 0.006866 0.0084843 0.0085768 0.0096666 0.FDR 0.000692 0.0143 0.024 0.024 0.0382 0.122 0.134 0.148 0.148 0.148 0.148 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.mean intensities of blood 117.83 122.83 1680.69 204.18 99.87 240.07 298.76 1786.2 577.96 9598.38 274.47 69.16 132.37 3185.91 255.63 1157.46 186.9 3744.86 98.26 3585.mean intensities of chordoma 5002.77 389.47 45724.96 2114.22 2091.96 3056.36 122.03 6777.17 182.72 22361.92 114.11 181.48 592.55 5503.58 4661.49 2159.2 3110.51 979.1 62.79 33560.Fold-change 0.024 0.32 0.037 0.097 0.048 0.079 2.45 0.26 3.16 0.43 2.41 0.38 0.22 0.58 0.055 0.54 0.06 3.82 1.56 0.Gene symbol HIC1 CTCFL HIC1 ACTB RASSF1 CDX1 JUP GBP2 NEUROG1 IRF4 STAT1 DLEC1 COL21A1 GNAS KL C3 SRGN BAZ1A HSD17B4 S100AGenes significantly (p,0.01) different between classes are depicted, including the parametric p value, false discovery rate (FDR), geometric mean of Terlipressin web class-intensities and fold changes are listed. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056609.tdata of several human cell lines presenting full methylation at this site for all except the HeLa-S3 Methyl-RRBS sequence track of the enlisted data within the UCSC genome browser (hg19, chr15:78,554,031?8,560,047). On the other hand, when comparing the mean-amplicon Ct values derived from undigested PBDNA and chordoma DNA, almost all the genes did, as expected independently amplify from their biological origin and were within the range of 2 Ct values.Comparison of “blood and chordoma” using MSRE coupled qPCR methylation analyses. Group wise compari-son of blood (n = 7; four female, three male) and chordoma (n = 10; five male and five female) amplicon Ct values derived from qPCR upon MSRE digestion revealed 10 genes with higher than 2-fold change.E 20 methylation marker candidate genes. By using the entire capacity of the 48.48 PCR array 28 genes were analysed in addition to the 20 classifier genes. Of the 48 genes tested, 39 were significant (p,0.05) with an overall mean dCt between digested and undigested sample DNAs of 2.8218.6 (corresponding to 7?16000 fold change) indicating proper digestion 25033180 for qPCR based elucidation of methylation differences. The amplicons for H19, CDKN2A, IGF2, C3, SRGN, PIWIL4, GBP2, IRF4 showed 0.23?.36 (in the enlisted order of genes; p = 0.057?.260) fold differences. DNAJA4 was only minimally changed (0.75 fold), which is in line with the RRBS (reduced representation bisulphite sequencing) and 450 k InfiniumResults Chromosomal copy number variation (CNV) analysis using Affymetrix 6.0CNV/SNP arraysTen chordoma samples were tested for copy number (CN) and LOH using Affymetrix 6.0 CNV/SNP Arrays. Most common (.50 of the samples) chromosomal CN gains were observed for 1q21.1-q44, 7q36.3, 14q32.33, and 22q11.22 and losses for 3p26.3-q29, 9, 13q12.11-q22.1, and 22q12-q13.2. The most common chromosome loss involved chromosome 3 where 6 of 10 patients showed a loss of 3p25.2 (RAF1) and all 10 patient showed a loss of 3q26.32 (PIK 3CA) and 3q27.3 (BCL6). Table 1 summarizes the most common CN in ten chordoma patients. The cross-linking of interesting genes is shown in Figure 1 using IPADNA Methylation and SNP Analyses in ChordomaTable 2. Class comparison results for elucidation of differentially methylated genes in chordoma versus peripheral blood.# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19Parametric p-value 1.9e-06 7.87e-05 0.0002284 0.0002639 0.0005252 0.0020097 0.002575 0.0034824 0.0038254 0.0043484 0.0044802 0.0055942 0.0057031 0.0063306 0.0065378 0.006866 0.0084843 0.0085768 0.0096666 0.FDR 0.000692 0.0143 0.024 0.024 0.0382 0.122 0.134 0.148 0.148 0.148 0.148 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.mean intensities of blood 117.83 122.83 1680.69 204.18 99.87 240.07 298.76 1786.2 577.96 9598.38 274.47 69.16 132.37 3185.91 255.63 1157.46 186.9 3744.86 98.26 3585.mean intensities of chordoma 5002.77 389.47 45724.96 2114.22 2091.96 3056.36 122.03 6777.17 182.72 22361.92 114.11 181.48 592.55 5503.58 4661.49 2159.2 3110.51 979.1 62.79 33560.Fold-change 0.024 0.32 0.037 0.097 0.048 0.079 2.45 0.26 3.16 0.43 2.41 0.38 0.22 0.58 0.055 0.54 0.06 3.82 1.56 0.Gene symbol HIC1 CTCFL HIC1 ACTB RASSF1 CDX1 JUP GBP2 NEUROG1 IRF4 STAT1 DLEC1 COL21A1 GNAS KL C3 SRGN BAZ1A HSD17B4 S100AGenes significantly (p,0.01) different between classes are depicted, including the parametric p value, false discovery rate (FDR), geometric mean of class-intensities and fold changes are listed. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056609.tdata of several human cell lines presenting full methylation at this site for all except the HeLa-S3 Methyl-RRBS sequence track of the enlisted data within the UCSC genome browser (hg19, chr15:78,554,031?8,560,047). On the other hand, when comparing the mean-amplicon Ct values derived from undigested PBDNA and chordoma DNA, almost all the genes did, as expected independently amplify from their biological origin and were within the range of 2 Ct values.Comparison of “blood and chordoma” using MSRE coupled qPCR methylation analyses. Group wise compari-son of blood (n = 7; four female, three male) and chordoma (n = 10; five male and five female) amplicon Ct values derived from qPCR upon MSRE digestion revealed 10 genes with higher than 2-fold change.
