Vasion. The PKCa protein overexpression rates were 36 in the former and 50 in the latter, respectively. The tumors with vascular emboli had lower PKCa protein overexpression rate than those with no emboli. Overexpression of PKCa protein has a statistical correlation with pathologic stage. Among the 95 stage I and II cases, there were 49 (52 ) with PKCa protein overexpression. In 120 cases at stage III and IV, only 39 (33 ) revealed PKCa protein 
overexpression. We observed that early stage tumors were likely to express PKCa protein than tumors with advanced stage. Finally, there was a significantly statistical correlation between PKCa protein overexpression and distant metastasis. Eighteen out of 67 cases (27 ) with distant metastasis showed overexpression of PKCa protein, and 70 out of 148 cases (47 ) with no distant metastasis possessed PKCa protein overexpression. Therefore, PKCa protein 1326631 overexpression was negatively statistically correlated with distant metastasis. In addition, correlation coefficients were calculated. The correlation coefficient (r) and P value (P) in statistically significant variables were as follows: age (r = 0.16301; P = 0.0167), histologic type (r = ?.29364; P,0.0001), tumor RE-640 differentiation (r = ?.17341; P = 0.0109), depth of invasion (r = ?.24581; P = 0.0003), angiolymphatic invasion (r = ?.14199; P = 0.0375), pathologic stage (r = ?.19269; P = 0.0046), and distant metastasis (r = ?.19245; P = 0.0046). No statistical significance was found between PKCa protein overexpression and other clinicopathological parameters including gender, tumor size, location, lymph node status, and local recurrence.The Expression of PKCa Protein Was a Significant Independent Prognostic Factor in Multivariate Cox Regression AnalysisThe data of 215 patients were enrolled for survival analysis. The overall survival rate among the 88 patients with PKCa protein overexpression was 64 , and among the 127 without overexpression was 47 . We also analyzed disease free survival. In PKCa protein overexpression group and non-overexpression group, the disease free survival rates were 58 and 42 , respectively. The difference in overall and disease free survival rates between the10 35.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056675.tPKCa Protein Overexpression in Gastric CarcinomaFigure 1. PKCa immunoreactivity in gastric carcinoma of various histologic type and differentiation. a normal gastric glands showing negative immunostaining, b negative immunostaining in a moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma of AN-3199 manufacturer intestinal type, c negative immunostaining in a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, d negative immunostaining of 24786787 signet-ring cells in a diffuse type adenocarcinoma, e weakly positive immunostaining in a moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, f moderately positive immunostaining in a welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, g moderately positive immunostaining in a moderately to poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, h moderately positive immunostaining in a diffuse type adenocarcinoma, and i strongly positive immunostaining in a moderatelydifferentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type. Magnification: X200. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056675.gPKCa overexpression and non-overexpression groups was not statistically significant (log rank test P = 0.0680 and 0.0587), but did indicate a tendency for patients with PKCa protein overexpression to have a longer 
overall survival and disease fr.Vasion. The PKCa protein overexpression rates were 36 in the former and 50 in the latter, respectively. The tumors with vascular emboli had lower PKCa protein overexpression rate than those with no emboli. Overexpression of PKCa protein has a statistical correlation with pathologic stage. Among the 95 stage I and II cases, there were 49 (52 ) with PKCa protein overexpression. In 120 cases at stage III and IV, only 39 (33 ) revealed PKCa protein overexpression. We observed that early stage tumors were likely to express PKCa protein than tumors with advanced stage. Finally, there was a significantly statistical correlation between PKCa protein overexpression and distant metastasis. Eighteen out of 67 cases (27 ) with distant metastasis showed overexpression of PKCa protein, and 70 out of 148 cases (47 ) with no distant metastasis possessed PKCa protein overexpression. Therefore, PKCa protein 1326631 overexpression was negatively statistically correlated with distant metastasis. In addition, correlation coefficients were calculated. The correlation coefficient (r) and P value (P) in statistically significant variables were as follows: age (r = 0.16301; P = 0.0167), histologic type (r = ?.29364; P,0.0001), tumor differentiation (r = ?.17341; P = 0.0109), depth of invasion (r = ?.24581; P = 0.0003), angiolymphatic invasion (r = ?.14199; P = 0.0375), pathologic stage (r = ?.19269; P = 0.0046), and distant metastasis (r = ?.19245; P = 0.0046). No statistical significance was found between PKCa protein overexpression and other clinicopathological parameters including gender, tumor size, location, lymph node status, and local recurrence.The Expression of PKCa Protein Was a Significant Independent Prognostic Factor in Multivariate Cox Regression AnalysisThe data of 215 patients were enrolled for survival analysis. The overall survival rate among the 88 patients with PKCa protein overexpression was 64 , and among the 127 without overexpression was 47 . We also analyzed disease free survival. In PKCa protein overexpression group and non-overexpression group, the disease free survival rates were 58 and 42 , respectively. The difference in overall and disease free survival rates between the10 35.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056675.tPKCa Protein Overexpression in Gastric CarcinomaFigure 1. PKCa immunoreactivity in gastric carcinoma of various histologic type and differentiation. a normal gastric glands showing negative immunostaining, b negative immunostaining in a moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, c negative immunostaining in a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, d negative immunostaining of 24786787 signet-ring cells in a diffuse type adenocarcinoma, e weakly positive immunostaining in a moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, f moderately positive immunostaining in a welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, g moderately positive immunostaining in a moderately to poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type, h moderately positive immunostaining in a diffuse type adenocarcinoma, and i strongly positive immunostaining in a moderatelydifferentiated adenocarcinoma of intestinal type. Magnification: X200. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056675.gPKCa overexpression and non-overexpression groups was not statistically significant (log rank test P = 0.0680 and 0.0587), but did indicate a tendency for patients with PKCa protein overexpression to have a longer overall survival and disease fr.
