He upper and reduced lines from the box represent the 1st and 3rd of 17 Atmosphere 2021, 12, x The PEER in the box is the median mass concentration for every single season. The upper and FOR line Evaluation ten quartiles. The upper and represent the 1st and values of 99 and 1 , respectively. The asterisks above the major reduce lines of your box lower whiskers represent 3rd quartiles. The upper and decrease whiskers representline and below of 99 and are respectively. The asterisks above valuesthe bottom line1 , the maximum and minimum values. the prime line and below the bottom line are the maximum and minimum values.3.four. Liquid/Solid Source Evaluation and Implications for Brown Carbon With spectral EBC concentration differences, Equations (eight)ten) may very well be utilized to divide EBC concentrations into liquid sources (such as gasoline) and solid sources (including coal). Within this study, each day average liquid and solid EBC concentrations were calculated. Each and every day is categorized as a liquid day (liquid supply dominates) or perhaps a strong day (solid supply dominates), as shown in Figure six. For the whole analysis period, liquid supply days accounted for 70 , suggesting that EBCs in Xuzhou primarily derived from liquid fuel combustion. For the duration of the nonheating season, liquid source days accounted for 77 . Seventy-two percent of heating days had been strong source days, suggesting that the coal combustion for heating on these days largely changed the source of EBC.Figure six. Liquid and strong source evaluation for the heating season, nonheating Oxybuprocaine Biological Activity season and whole year. Figure 6. Liquid and strong source analysis for the heating season, nonheating season and complete year. Table 2. this paper,(EBC370)/(EBC880). In Sulfaquinoxaline Biological Activity Statistics of (EBC370) is measured EBC concentrations at 370 nm band, and(EBC880) may be the corresponding worth at 880 nm band. (EBC370) should really theoretically be Season Minimum Maximum Average Common Deviation greater than (EBC880), as brown carbon aerosol is more absorbing at shorter. Depending on Heating season 0.177 1.838 1.106 this characteristic, (EBC370)/(EBC880) can indicate the seasonal influence0.277 of brown carNonheating season 0.533 1.026 1.071 0.262 bon to a certain extent [25]. The difference among (EBC370)/(EBC880) for the heating season and nonheating season in Xuzhou throughout the analysis period is shown in Table 2. The average worth for the heating season is 1.106, and also the typical value for the nonheating season is 1.071. This shows that the proportion of brown carbon in EBC through the heating season is drastically higher than that for the duration of the nonheating season, and the maximum worth and typical deviation of the heating season are considerably higher than those for the nonheating season, indicating that brown carbon aerosols constitute a bigger proportion during the heating season but are unstable.Table two. Statistics of (EBC370)/(EBC880)Atmosphere 2021, 12,Atmosphere 2021, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW10 of11 of3.5. Evaluation of Contribution of Potential Sources of Xuzhou. Xuzhousource of possible air pollutants, the mixed single-particle northwest To identify the belongs to the monsoon climate zone and experiences Lagrangian winds and trajectory winds in the spring and winter and southeast winds and southwest integrated northeast (HYSPLIT) model developed by the Air Sources Laboratory (ARL) winds in theanalyze the hourly typical EBC concentrationsof the monsoon inng/m3 just after was made use of to summer season and autumn. Owing towards the influence above three.00 103 the air on EBC transportation, the north w.
