Ributions of sodium atoms with recoil for I = 50 W/m2 , 100 W/m2 , and 150 W/m2 for 0 MHz linewidth.Atmosphere 2021, 12,9 ofFigure five. Normalized distributions of sodium atoms with linewidth broadening for I = 50 W/m2 , 100 W/m2 , and 150 W/m2 for 0 MHz linewidth.Figure four shows that higher intensity causes much more drastic recoil and aggravates the adverse conditions. Simultaneously, the higher intensity tends to make sodium atoms drift to the greater Doppler frequency shifts. Figure 5 reveals that the linewidth broadening technique can effectively alleviate the recoil effects for distinct laser intensities. 4.two. Option of Optimal Laser Linewidth In practice, in the event the recoil effects need to be dropped, as well as the laser is essential to modulate the intensity distribution in Equation (5). The linewidth broadening in the laser intensity distribution aims at attaining the maximal excitation probability of mesospheric sodium atoms. The maximal typical spontaneous Tunicamycin Description emission price is essential. Therefore, we simulate the typical spontaneous emission prices by the linewidth broadening from 0 to 1.0 GHz. In light of Equations (2)9), the typical spontaneous emission prices together with the intensity from 0 to 1500 W/m2 are simulated in Figures six and 7.Figure 6. Typical spontaneous emission prices vs. linewidth and intensity from five to 150 W/m2 .Atmosphere 2021, 12,ten ofFigure 7. Average spontaneous emission rates vs. linewidth and intensity from 150 to 1500 W/m2 .Figures 6 and 7 show that the peak values of typical spontaneous emission rates change using the laser linewidth and intensity. The higher intensity Epoxiconazole medchemexpress enhances the peak values of typical spontaneous emission rates. When the laser is broadened to a bigger linewidth, the average spontaneous emission rates alternatively drop. Within the case of reduce intensity, the laser linewidth broadening finitely gains the typical spontaneous emission rates within the array of l00 MHz. On the other hand, it really is not that the wider linewidth can get the best effect, but that the typical spontaneous emission prices have a maximum for the linewidth from 1 MHz to one hundred MHz. Having said that, L the typical spontaneous emission rate at v D = 0 MHz is reduce than the peak values. In Figures six and 7, the peak values of average spontaneous emission prices would be the similar when it comes to linewidth. We hope that the linewidth broadening of laser intensity distributions tends to make the typical spontaneous emission price maximal. Figures eight and 9 simulate the typical spontaneous emission rates for laser linewidth from 1 to 103 MHz and laser intensity from 5 to 1500 W/m2 .Figure eight. Typical spontaneous emission prices for laser linewidth from 3 to 103 MHz and laser intensity I = five – 150 W/m2 .Atmosphere 2021, 12,11 ofFigure 9. Average spontaneous emission prices for laser linewidth from 3 to 103 MHz and laser intensity I = 150 – 1500 W/m2 .Figures eight and 9 indicate that the peak values of typical spontaneous emission rates are in between 1 MHz and 100 MHz for an intensity from five W/m2 to 1500 W/m2 . For that reason, the laser linewidth is taken because the worth amongst 1 MHz and 100 MHz. Figure ten demonstrates L the relation amongst laser linewidth at v D = 0, 1, ten, 100 MHz and average spontaneous emission prices. L By comparing typical spontaneous emission prices for each and every linewidth at v D = 0, 1, L =0 MHz and ap10, one hundred MHz, the typical spontaneous emission rates are lowest at v D L proximately equal for linewidth at v D = 1, 10, one hundred MHz. This implies a lot more return photons L = 1, ten, one hundred MHz. The laser linewidth at v L = ten MHz i.
