The cation Na incorporated primarily reduction. TheThe tungsten 1.04 keV, referring towards the cation Na incorporated mainly at at reduction. tungsten peak peak (W) at 1.78 keV the phosphor peakpeak (P) atkeV represent the incorporated PT4- in (W) at 1.78 keV and along with the phosphor (P) at 2.02 two.02 keV represent the incorporated PT4 -PPythe PPy network plus the sulphur peak (S) characterized the immobile DBS- the in network as well as the sulphur peak (S) characterized the immobile DBS- anion. The – anion. The chloride discovered(Cl) identified at two.62 keV belongs towards the anions PPyPT.and PPyCDC chloride peak (Cl) peak at two.62 keV belongs for the anions ClO4-. The ClO4 The PPyPT and PPyCDC films inelectrolytes inelectrolytes in Figure that at oxidation a at oxidation films in NaClO4-PC NaClO4 -PC Figure 3a,b revealed 3a,b revealed that chloride peak a (ClO4- anions) and at-reductionand at reduction(Na cations) had been detected, hinting de-a chloride peak (ClO4 anions) a Tianeptine sodium salt Purity sodium peak a sodium peak (Na cations) had been of tected, hinting of a mixed ion procedure. From previouschange of[40] the alter of solvent mixed ion approach. From preceding research [40] the analysis solvent of aqueous to proof aqueous to propylene carbonate in pristine PPy/DBS showed that the anion-driven pylene carbonate in pristine PPy/DBS showed that the anion-driven process was obtained approach was obtained due to a unique phenomenon that the immobile DBS- Na can not on account of a unique phenomenon that the immobile DBS-Na can’t dissociate inside the propyldissociate within the propylene carbonate solvent. Therefore Equation (two) describes the reaction ene carbonate solvent. Hence Equation (2) describes the reaction that the expected catthat the expected cation-driven actuator becomes anion-driven. Figure 3a revealed for ion-driven actuator becomes anion-driven. Figure 3a revealed for PPyPT at reduction a PPyPT at reduction a chloride peak, which we assume relates to ClO4 – anions remaining chloride peak, which we assume relates to ClO4- anions remaining within the PPyPT network within the PPyPT network and major to Na anions ingress to compensate for the negative and leading to Na anions ingress to compensate for the damaging charges. Comparable behavior was revealed for other Tenidap MedChemExpress conducting polymers which include PEDOT or PPy/CF3SO3, where the triflate (CF3SO3-) anions located immobile led to mixed ion actuation at redox cycles [41]. Inside the case of PPyPT-EG and PPyCDC-EG samples a powerful sodium peak is shown in reduction, which led towards the conclusion that the cations Na are moving in, and at oxidationMaterials 2021, 14,9 ofcharges. Similar behavior was revealed for other conducting polymers for instance PEDOT or PPy/CF3 SO3 , exactly where the triflate (CF3 SO3 – ) anions identified immobile led to mixed ion actuation at redox cycles [41]. Inside the case of PPyPT-EG and PPyCDC-EG samples a sturdy sodium peak is shown in reduction, which led towards the conclusion that the cations Na are moving in, and at oxidation out (no Na peak at oxidation detected), contemplating the cation-driven actuation mechanism noticed from Equation (1). In case of aqueous NaClO4 electrolyte shown in Figure 3c,d, the sodium peak is found dominant at reduction for PPyPT and PPyCDC too to analogous PPyPT-EG and PPyCDC-EG samples. In case of PPyCDC at oxidation and reduction (Figure 3d) sodium and chloride peaks are discovered in modest components, which we assume could be the cause for the incorporated meso-porous CDC particles, whereas ions can be injected surrounded by counterions forming an el.
