E to deteriorated clinical manifestations and limited response to other therapies. The patient achieved substantial clinical improvement within 1 week of thalidomide therapy (124). Having said that, because this is a single case report, extra clinical research are needed to confirm the effectiveness of thalidomide and rule out any relevant extreme unwanted side effects. A single clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04273581) aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of thalidomide use in combination with low-dose hormones within the remedy of serious COVID19. An additional clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04273529) is investigating the use of thalidomide in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. At the moment, these two clinical trials are still underway evaluating thalidomide therapy in patients with moderate or serious COVID-19 (Table 2).ImatinibImatinib is definitely an oral anticancer medication utilized for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase web gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSPs), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (115). Imatinib plays an inhibitory role in some tyrosine kinase activities, including the oncogenic fusion protein BCR-ABL1 (whose overactivation can lead to CML), c-kit (whose mutations are involved in GIST formation), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and ABL1 kinase (116). Moreover, imatinib also displays in vitro antiviral capacities against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, that are phylogenetically related to SARS-CoV-2 (20, 117). Therefore, imatinib has been postulated to possibly have antiviral function against SARS-CoV-2. In reality, a recent study showed that imatinib binds to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inhibits virus replicationBevacizumabVascular endothelial growth element (VEGF) has been identified as a key molecule in the course of action of endothelial injury and increases microvascular permeability (125). Larger VEGF levels had been observed in COVID-19 individuals with ARDS than in healthier folks (126). Thus, VEGF is deemed a prospective therapeutic target in COVID-19 patients with acute lung injuryFrontiers in Medicine | www.frontiersin.orgMarch 2021 | Volume 8 | ArticleYe et al.Advances in COVID-(ALI) and ARDS. Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized antiVEGF monoclonal antibody, is widely used to treat a number of kinds of solid malignancies, like lung cancer, colon cancer, glioblastoma, and renal-cell carcinoma (127), and is now becoming Necroptosis Formulation evaluated for treating serious or essential sufferers with COVID-19 pneumonia (Table two). The result of 1 clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04275414) indicated that bevacizumab plus common care showed exceptional efficacy for treating extreme COVID-19 individuals (128).Existing DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGES IN CANCER PATIENT CARE Throughout the COVID-19 PANDEMICDue for the present COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare specialists are facing the overwhelming challenges of swiftly increasing new infection situations, not merely to efficiently cope using the COVID-19 crisis but additionally to accomplish so with out overlooking the care of patients with other diseases, for instance cancer. Cancer patients are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and more most likely to develop severe events than non-cancer COVID-19 sufferers because of the immunosuppressive state triggered by the cancer itself and anticancer treatment options (12931). Particularly, the rates of extreme events in COVID-19-infected individuals with hematologic cancer, lung cancer, and metast.
