Ture of PV panels Within this section, the results of the energy overall performance and temperature of PV panels are presented. In Figure 7, the total monthly energy generated by the CPV systems and are presented. In Figure 7, the total monthly power generated by the CPV systems and reference PV panels is shown. Inside the winter months (January, February, November, and reference PV panels is shown. In the winter months (January, February, November, and December), the effect of reflective surfaces is quite little along with the enhance in energy does December), the effect of reflective surfaces is very compact plus the boost in power does not exceedexceed Whereas in the spring and summer time months (Could, June,July, and August) not ten . 10 . Whereas inside the spring and summer time months (Could, June, July, and August) the energyenergy generated from CPV systems larger than from reference PV panels about the generated from CPV systems is is higher than from reference PV panels about 150 . The annual enhance is atis at the level 16 for circumstances D and H, 14 for G case. 150 . The annual increase the level of of 16 for circumstances D and H, 14 for G case. The following figures are devoted to a comparison from the temperature of CPV systems and reference PV panels. In Figure eight the operating temperatures with the PV surface (typical, maximum and minimum) are shown. The highest variations are noticeable for the maximum temperature, with an increase of about 30 for instances D and H and 15 for case G. The Bevacizumab In Vitro average and minimum temperatures for the analyzed instances had been comparable. The last Figure 9 presents the monthly degree hours of CPV overheating in comparison to the reference photovoltaic panels. The highest overheating degree hours have been registered for May, and in the summer time months (Could July) the panels in configuration G had been probably the most overheated, though for the other months, configuration D had the highest value of degree hours.three. ResultsEnergies 2021, 14, x. ten.3390/xxxxxwww.mdpi/journal/energiesEnergies 2021, 14,13 ofFigure 7. Total monthly energy generated by PV panels.Figure eight. Temperature range of PV panels such as minimum, maximum and typical temperature for the duration of operation of PV panels.Figure 9. Degree hours of overheating of PV panels equipped with reflective surfaces.Energies 2021, 14,14 ofThe overheating of photovoltaic panels and non-uniform illumination can have a disadvantageous impact on their efficiency, but on the other hand, the higher intensity of solar radiation can boost the all round production [41]. In comparison for the reference case the annual typical efficiency slightly enhanced for all instances (Table ten). You will find no visible variations in the efficiency of PV among instances D, G and H. As anticipated, the annual average efficiency of your entire Levalbuterol manufacturer concentrating technique is larger about 0.6 in comparison using the reference case.Table ten. Typical annual efficiency. Case Annual typical efficiency of photovoltaic panels [ ] Annual typical efficiency of low concentrating method [ ] D 6.73 7.34 D_ref six.66 G six.73 7.20 G_ref six.67 H six.73 7.31 H_ref 6.67 -4. Discussion The geometrically optimized solar reflected system for PV panels installed in a row supplied an improvement in solar power density, but a higher uniformity in its distribution and temperature on the panel was not accomplished. The annual average boost in solar intensity varies from four.four to 10.6 according to the position and configuration of CPV. The largest disadvantages on the proposed remedy that influence productivity will be the un.
