Esources, E.M.;information curation, E.M. and I.G.-J.; writing–original draft preparation, E.M.; writing–review and Neuropeptide Y Receptor Antagonist Compound editing, I.G.-J., T.P., and E.M.; visualization, E.M.; supervision, E.M.; project administration, E.M.; funding acquisition, E.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of your manuscript. Funding: This investigation was funded by Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (FIS PI18CIII/00045) as well as by Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirecci Basic de Redes y Centros de Investigaci Cooperativa, Ministerio de Econom , Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Investigation in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/CIII/0004/0003), co-financed by European Development Regional Fund ERDF “A solution to reach Europe”, Operative program Intelligent Development 2014020. Data Availability Statement: All sequence information and protocols related together with the publication are obtainable to readers on request. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Khasin et al. BMC Plant Biology (2021) 21:391 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03149-SSTR2 Formulation Research ARTICLEOpen AccessPathogen and drought anxiety affect cell wall and phytohormone signaling to shape host responses within a sorghum COMT bmr12 mutantMaya Khasin1,2, Lois F. Bernhardson1,2, Patrick M. O’Neill1,two, Nathan A. Palmer1,3, Erin D. Scully4,5, Scott E. Sattler1,3 and Deanna L. Funnell-Harris1,2AbstractBackground: As effects of global climate adjust intensify, the interaction of biotic and abiotic stresses increasingly threatens existing agricultural practices. The secondary cell wall is really a vanguard of resistance to these stresses. Fusarium thapsinum (Fusarium stalk rot) and Macrophomina phaseolina (charcoal rot) result in internal harm to the stalks on the drought tolerant C4 grass, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), resulting in reduced transpiration, lowered photosynthesis, and increased lodging, severely decreasing yields. Drought can magnify these losses. Two null alleles in monolignol biosynthesis of sorghum (brown midrib 6-ref, bmr6-ref; cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, CAD; and bmr12-ref; caffeic acid O-methyltransferase, COMT) were used to investigate the interaction of water limitation with F. thapsinum or M. phaseolina infection. Benefits: The bmr12 plants inoculated with either of these pathogens had increased levels of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) across each watering conditions and substantially decreased lesion sizes below water limitation when compared with adequate watering, which suggested that drought may possibly prime induction of pathogen resistance. RNASeq evaluation revealed coexpressed genes connected with pathogen infection. The defense response included phytohormone signal transduction pathways, key and secondary cell wall biosynthetic genes, and genes encoding components with the spliceosome and proteasome. Conclusion: Alterations in the composition in the secondary cell wall influence immunity by influencing phenolic composition and phytohormone signaling, major for the action of defense pathways. A few of these pathways appear to be activated or enhanced by drought. Secondary metabolite biosynthesis and modification in SA and JA signal transduction might be involved in priming a stronger defense response in water-limited bmr12 plants. Key phrases: Lignin, Monolignols, bmr6, bmr12, Drought, Fusarium, Macrophomina, Coexpression networks Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS,.
