390/molecules26195757 Academic Editor: Raffaele Pezzani Received: 21 August 2021 Accepted: 16 September 2021 Published: 23 September10 9Department of Medicinal Chemist and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] Division of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (S.A.A.M.); [email protected] (M.S.M.S.) Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, JUST, Irbid 22110, Jordan Hospital of Police Academy, Nasr city, Cairo 11765, Egypt; mohamedshawky1974@yahoo Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt; [email protected] Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Abdia, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] (S.Y.E.); [email protected] (M.Z.E.-R.) Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected] (H.A.M.); [email protected] (H.M.E.); [email protected] (R.A.K.); Tel.: +00966566176074 (H.A.M.)Nav1.1 list Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in Nav1.2 site Published maps and institutional affiliations.Copyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is definitely an open access report distributed under the terms and circumstances of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Abstract: Sage, Salvia officinalis L., is employed worldwide as an aromatic herb for culinary purposes also as a classic medicinal agent for various ailments. Current investigations exhibited the effects of extended dryings from the herb around the yields, composition, oil top quality, and hepatoprotective at the same time as anti-cancer biological activities from the hydrodistillation-obtained vital oils from the aerial parts from the plant. The essential oils’ yields, compositions, and biological activities levels with the fresh and differently timed and room-temperature dried herbs differed drastically. The lowest yields of your critical oil have been obtained in the fresh herbs (FH, 631 mg, 0.16 ), even though the highest yield was obtained in the two-week dried herbs (2WDH, 1102 mg, 0.28 ). A notable decrease in monoterpenes, with increment within the sesquiterpene constituents, was observed for the FH-based crucial oil as when compared with each of the other batches of your necessary oils obtained from the differenttimed dried herbs. Moreover, characteristic chemotypic constituents of sage, i.e., -pinene, camphene, -pinene, myrcene, 1, 8-cineole, -thujone, and camphor, had been present in significantly larger proportions in each of the dried herbs’ important oils as in comparison with the FH-based necessary oil. The in vivo hepatoprotective activity demonstrated significant reductions in the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP, too as a important enhance within the total protein (p 0.05) contents level, as when compared with the acetaminophen (AAP) administered experimental group of rats. A substantial reduction (p 0.05) within the ALT level was demonstrated by the 4W
