Cci, A.R.; Badiani, M.; Manti, F.; Bonsignore, C.P.; Sorgon
Cci, A.R.; Badiani, M.; Manti, F.; Bonsignore, C.P.; Sorgon A.; Ciaffi, M. p38 MAPK Inhibitor MedChemExpress diterpene Resin Acids and Olefins in Gli Compound Calabrian Pine (Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire) Oleoresin: GC-MS Profiling of Key Diterpenoids in Distinctive Plant Organs, Molecular Identification and Expression Analysis of Diterpene Synthase Genes. Plants 2021, ten, 2391. doi/10.3390/ plants10112391 Academic Editors: Mitja Kolar, Iztok Joze Kosir and Sofia Caretto Received: 27 September 2021 Accepted: four November 2021 Published: five NovemberDipartimento di Agraria, UniversitMediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89129 Reggio Calabria, Italy; [email protected] (E.A.); [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (A.S.) Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali, Universitdella Tuscia, By way of S. Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; [email protected] (S.C.); [email protected] (A.R.P.) Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Universitdi Perugia, By means of Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; [email protected] Dipartimento di Patrimonio, Architettura e Urbanistica, UniversitMediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (C.P.B.) Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0761-357-424; Fax: +39-0761-357-Abstract: A quali-quantitative analysis of diterpenoid composition in tissues obtained from unique organs of Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire (Calabrian pine) was carried out. Diterpene resin acids had been one of the most abundant diterpenoids across all of the examined tissues. The identical nine diterpene resin acids were generally located, with all the abietane form prevailing around the pimarane kind, despite the fact that their quantitative distribution was discovered to be remarkably tissue-specific. The scrutiny from the offered literature revealed species specificity too. A phylogeny-based strategy allowed us to isolate four cDNAs coding for diterpene synthases in Calabrian pine, every of which belonging to among the list of 4 groups into which the d3 clade of the plants’ terpene synthases family members is often divided. The deduced amino acid sequences allowed predicting that each monofunctional and bifunctional diterpene synthases are involved within the biosynthesis of diterpene resin acids in Calabrian pine. Transcript profiling revealed differential expression across the various tissues and was located to be consistent with the corresponding diterpenoid profiles. The isolation of the comprehensive genomic sequences along with the determination of their exon/intron structures permitted us to location the diterpene synthase genes from Calabrian pine around the background of present concepts on the functional evolution of diterpene synthases in Gymnosperms. Keywords: diterpenoids; diterpene synthase; Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire; Calabrian pine; pine oleoresin; genomic organization of gymnosperm diterpene synthases; diterpene resin acidPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Copyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This short article is an open access report distributed below the terms and conditions of your Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( creativecommons/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Essential to Plant Species: Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., 1768; balsam fir; Abies grandis (Douglas ex D. Don) Lindl., grand fir; Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) Bruch.
