He basis of IC scores and IC loadings (Supplementary Figs S4 6; Supplementary Tables S1 and S2). IC scores correspond to the coordinate values of the sample data in the IC space, whereas IC loadings represent the relative contributions of each element to the individual ICs. By linear transformation, each IC can be projected as a vector in the compositional space (Fig. 2a,b; Supplementary Fig. S2), or the compositional data of each sample can be plotted in the space spanned by the ICs11?4 (Fig. 2c ; Supplementary Fig. S4). More detailed explanations of IC scores and loadings are given in the Supplementary Information. IC3 had PD173074 solubility positive Stattic biological activity loading only in CaO and negative loadings in all other elements (Supplementary Fig. S6), which is reflected in the compositional change to Ca-rich samples from the others along IC3 (Fig. 2a). In the IC space, the IC3 axis clearly discriminated the Ca-rich samples from the others (Fig. 2c; Supplementary Fig. S4c,d). These features indicate that IC3 extracts a mixing trend between biogenic calcium carbonate and other components. In the same manner, IC5 had clearly positive loading only in SiO2 (Supplementary Fig. S6), and Si-rich samples were distributed along the IC5 vector (Fig. 2a,c). In addition, the projected data of chert18 as a reference material plotted in the same domain as samples having highly positive IC5 scores in the IC space (Fig. 2c; Supplementary Fig. S4c). Thus, IC5 corresponded to a mixing trend between biogenic silica and others. IC6 had positive loadings in TiO2, Fe2O3, and MgO (Supplementary Fig. S6). Because Mg- and Ti-rich samples and reference volcanic rocks were simultaneously projected in the positive domain of IC6 (Fig. 2a,c; Supplementary Fig. S4d), this IC is considered to represent the influence of the volcaniclastic component. Terrigenous detrital aluminosilicates (e.g. Chinese loess or Australian dust supplied as aeolian dust) did not show up in the ICA result explicitly, despite their prevalence in deep-sea sediments. This is because the compositional variation in terrigenous detrital materials is not as large as that in the other components. In contrast to the above three ICs, a clear diagnostic feature of IC2 was not recognised in the IC loadings or in the data distribution in the IC space.Scientific RepoRts | 6:29603 | DOI: 10.1038/srepwww.nature.com/scientificreports/Considering its lower robustness to data uncertainty, IC2 might reflect a noisy structure inherent in the present dataset or some unknown factor barely characterised by major elements and REY. More comprehensive and higher dimensional analysis using various trace elements might help to identify the geochemical implication of this IC. The remaining three ICs (i.e. IC1, IC4, and IC7) had positive loadings of REY (Supplementary Fig. S6), and their slopes showed clear REY-enrichment in the elemental compositional spaces (Fig. 2b). Nevertheless, in the three-dimensional IC space spanned by these ICs (Fig. 2d), the projected data distribution exhibited distinct orthogonality. These features indicate that the REY-controlling factor in deep-sea sediment can be resolved into three statistically ICs and that each REY-rich mud sample was generated by a combination of the three components in different degrees. IC7 had positive loadings of MnO, Fe2O3, P2O5, and REY in decreasing order (Supplementary Fig. S6), and the reference data of hydrothermal Fe- and Mn-rich sediments were always projected in the same domain as high-.He basis of IC scores and IC loadings (Supplementary Figs S4 6; Supplementary Tables S1 and S2). IC scores correspond to the coordinate values of the sample data in the IC space, whereas IC loadings represent the relative contributions of each element to the individual ICs. By linear transformation, each IC can be projected as a vector in the compositional space (Fig. 2a,b; Supplementary Fig. S2), or the compositional data of each sample can be plotted in the space spanned by the ICs11?4 (Fig. 2c ; Supplementary Fig. S4). More detailed explanations of IC scores and loadings are given in the Supplementary Information. IC3 had positive loading only in CaO and negative loadings in all other elements (Supplementary Fig. S6), which is reflected in the compositional change to Ca-rich samples from the others along IC3 (Fig. 2a). In the IC space, the IC3 axis clearly discriminated the Ca-rich samples from the others (Fig. 2c; Supplementary Fig. S4c,d). These features indicate that IC3 extracts a mixing trend between biogenic calcium carbonate and other components. In the same manner, IC5 had clearly positive loading only in SiO2 (Supplementary Fig. S6), and Si-rich samples were distributed along the IC5 vector (Fig. 2a,c). In addition, the projected data of chert18 as a reference material plotted in the same domain as samples having highly positive IC5 scores in the IC space (Fig. 2c; Supplementary Fig. S4c). Thus, IC5 corresponded to a mixing trend between biogenic silica and others. IC6 had positive loadings in TiO2, Fe2O3, and MgO (Supplementary Fig. S6). Because Mg- and Ti-rich samples and reference volcanic rocks were simultaneously projected in the positive domain of IC6 (Fig. 2a,c; Supplementary Fig. S4d), this IC is considered to represent the influence of the volcaniclastic component. Terrigenous detrital aluminosilicates (e.g. Chinese loess or Australian dust supplied as aeolian dust) did not show up in the ICA result explicitly, despite their prevalence in deep-sea sediments. This is because the compositional variation in terrigenous detrital materials is not as large as that in the other components. In contrast to the above three ICs, a clear diagnostic feature of IC2 was not recognised in the IC loadings or in the data distribution in the IC space.Scientific RepoRts | 6:29603 | DOI: 10.1038/srepwww.nature.com/scientificreports/Considering its lower robustness to data uncertainty, IC2 might reflect a noisy structure inherent in the present dataset or some unknown factor barely characterised by major elements and REY. More comprehensive and higher dimensional analysis using various trace elements might help to identify the geochemical implication of this IC. The remaining three ICs (i.e. IC1, IC4, and IC7) had positive loadings of REY (Supplementary Fig. S6), and their slopes showed clear REY-enrichment in the elemental compositional spaces (Fig. 2b). Nevertheless, in the three-dimensional IC space spanned by these ICs (Fig. 2d), the projected data distribution exhibited distinct orthogonality. These features indicate that the REY-controlling factor in deep-sea sediment can be resolved into three statistically ICs and that each REY-rich mud sample was generated by a combination of the three components in different degrees. IC7 had positive loadings of MnO, Fe2O3, P2O5, and REY in decreasing order (Supplementary Fig. S6), and the reference data of hydrothermal Fe- and Mn-rich sediments were always projected in the same domain as high-.
